[詳解] 英語四級(jí)單詞磨耳朵(551-570)|每天打卡,跟我背單詞

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2023年元月15日 本集更新為詳解版

551. advertise：/??dv?rta?z/ v.（尤指為了銷售某物）登廣告，做廣告，宣傳；公布；征聘【They no longer advertise alcohol or cigarettes at sporting events. 他們不再在體育賽事上為酒或香煙做廣告。// Many companies will only advertise in the Sunday paper. 許多公司只會(huì)在星期日的報(bào)紙上登廣告?！?/p>

552. allowance：/??la??ns/ n. 津貼；補(bǔ)貼；補(bǔ)助【Sales staff get a generous mileage allowance or a company car. 銷售人員可以獲得豐厚的里程津貼或公司用車。// If you are entitled to sickness allowance, you must claim it from your employer. 如果你有權(quán)領(lǐng)取疾病津貼，你必須向雇主申請(qǐng)?！浚欢?；限額【Passengers’baggage allowance is 75 pounds per person. 旅客行李限重為每人75鎊。// the recommended daily allowance of Vitamin C 建議的每日維生素C攝入量】； 免稅額【a new tax allowance 新的免稅額】；父母給孩子的錢，零花錢（英式英語用 pocket money）【Some students have an allowance from their parents. 有些學(xué)生從父母那里得到零花錢?！?；make allowance(s) for sth 考慮到，估計(jì)到（如在決策或計(jì)劃時(shí)）【The budget made allowance for inflation. 預(yù)算考慮到了通貨膨脹。// The plan makes no allowance for people working at different rates. 這個(gè)計(jì)劃沒有把人們工作速度不同考慮在內(nèi)?！?；make allowances (for sb) 體諒；諒解【He's tired so I'll make allowances for him. 他很累，所以我會(huì)體諒他?！?/p>

553. rust：/r?st/ n. 銹；鐵銹【There were large patches of rust on the car. 汽車上有大片銹跡。】；v. (使)生銹【The metal had begun to rust. 金屬開始生銹了。// The gate was old and badly rusted. 大門破舊不堪，銹得很厲害?！?/p>

554. channel：/?t??nl/ n. 電視臺(tái)；（電視或廣播）頻道；波段【Disney Channel 迪斯尼頻道 // The kids are watching cartoons on the Disney Channel. 孩子們正在迪斯尼頻道看動(dòng)畫片。// He changed channels to watch the basketball game. 他換了頻道觀看籃球比賽。// You have to pay a monthly fee of $9.99 to subscribe to this channel in English. 你得支付9.99美元的月費(fèi)才能訂閱這個(gè)英語頻道?！?；（交流的）途徑，渠道【The U.S. is working through diplomatic channels to find a solution. 美國正在通過外交渠道尋求解決方案。// It is important that we open channels of communication with the police. 重要的是，我們要與警方建立溝通渠道。】；（提供產(chǎn)品、信息等的）途徑；渠道；方法；系統(tǒng)【The new software will be sold through existing distribution channels. 新軟件將通過現(xiàn)有的銷售渠道銷售。// The insurer sells its products through a variety of distribution channels, including banks. 保險(xiǎn)公司通過包括銀行在內(nèi)的各種渠道銷售其產(chǎn)品?！浚凰?；航道；水渠；溝渠；河槽；海峽【Bristol Channel 布里斯托爾海峽 // St George's Channel 圣喬治海峽 // an irrigation channel 灌溉渠】；（機(jī)場(chǎng)或港口檢查旅客行李的）通道【If you have nothing to declare, go through the green channel. 如果你沒有東西要申報(bào)，就走綠色通道?！?；v. （利用某途徑）輸送資金（或能量等），提供幫助；引導(dǎo)；把…導(dǎo)入，將…引入【Most of his energy was channeled into writing and lecturing. 他的大部分精力都用于寫作和演講。// Money for the project will be channelled through local government. 這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的資金將由地方政府提供?！?；（經(jīng)過通道）輸送，傳送【Drugs from government pharmacies were being channeled into illegal drug markets. 來自政府藥店的藥品被輸送到非法藥品市場(chǎng)。】

555. tag：/t?ɡ/ n. 標(biāo)簽；標(biāo)牌【a price tag 價(jià)格標(biāo)簽 // Personal freedom comes with a price tag. 自由是要付出代價(jià)的。// All the staff wore name tags. 所有員工都佩戴著名牌。】；稱呼；諢名【They are finally ready to drop the tag ‘the new Beatles’. 他們終于準(zhǔn)備放棄“新披頭士樂隊(duì)”這一稱謂?！浚籿. 給…加上標(biāo)簽，給…貼上標(biāo)簽，給…掛上標(biāo)牌【Each animal was tagged with a number for identification. 每只動(dòng)物都系上了標(biāo)有號(hào)碼的小牌，以便辨認(rèn)?！浚话选Q作；給（某人）起諢名【The country no longer wanted to be tagged as a Third World nation. 這個(gè)國家不愿意再被稱為第三世界國家?！?；tag along (behind/with sb) 跟隨，尾隨（尤指未經(jīng)同意或邀請(qǐng)）【James doesn't want his little brother to tag along.  James不想讓他弟弟跟著。// She might punch me in the eye again if I tag along.  如果我再跟著，她可能會(huì)再揍我一頓?！?/p>

556. bulk：/b?lk/ n. 主體；大部分 the bulk (of sth)【The bulk of the population lives in cities. 大多數(shù)人口居住在城市里。// The bulk of the work is done. There are just a few bits and pieces left now. 大部分工作已經(jīng)完成。現(xiàn)在只剩下一些零碎的東西了?！浚痪薮蟮臇|西；大塊，大團(tuán)；大規(guī)模；大量【She eased her large bulk out of the chair. 她緩緩地將她那龐大的身軀從椅子上挪開。// Despite its bulk and weight, the car is extremely fast. 盡管這輛車大而且重，速度卻非?？?。// It's cheaper to buy in bulk. 大批購買便宜些。// The office buys paper in bulk to keep down costs. 辦公室批量買進(jìn)紙張以減少成本?！?/p>

557. branch：/brɑ?nt?/，/br?nt?/ n. 樹枝【The topmost branches were full of birds. 最頂端的樹枝上停滿了鳥兒。<topmost /?tɑ?pmo?st/ 最頂端的;最高的;最上面的> // The fruit on the lower branches was protected from the sun. 下邊樹枝上的果子見不到陽光?！?；（公司/企業(yè)）分支機(jī)構(gòu)；分部；分行；分店【The bank has branches all over the country. 該銀行在全國各地都有分行。// They're planning to open a branch in St. Louis next year. 他們計(jì)劃明年在圣路易斯開一家分店?！?；政府部門；分支機(jī)構(gòu)【All branches of government are having to cut costs. 所有政府部門都必須削減成本。】；（學(xué)科及語言的）分支【the branch of computer science known as ‘a(chǎn)rtificial intelligence’ 被稱為“人工智能”的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)分支】；一部分；家族分支；支族，旁系【the wealthy South American branch of the family 家族中富有的南美分支 // One branch of their family (= one group of relatives) emigrated to Brazil. 他們家族的一支移居到了巴西。// Immunology is a branch of biological science. 免疫學(xué)是生物科學(xué)的一個(gè)分支。<Immunology /??mju?nɑ?l?d?i/ 免疫，免疫學(xué)>】；支流；岔路；（血管）分枝【This branch of the river eventually empties into the Atlantic. 大河的這條支流最終注入大西洋?！?；v. 出枝；發(fā)出新枝；分岔，岔開【The top of the tree had been cut off to encourage it to branch (out) lower down. 樹冠已被砍去，目的是為了促使它從下面抽出新枝。// The road branches at the bottom of the hill. 公路在山腳下分岔。// Peter doesn't want to hang out just with the same friends all the time. He wants to branch out and meet new people.  Peter不想一直和同一個(gè)朋友在一起。他想擴(kuò)大范圍，結(jié)識(shí)新朋友。<branch out 擴(kuò)大范圍 ; 拓展領(lǐng)域> 】

558. garlic：/?ɡɑ?r.l?k/ n.大蒜【I love eating garlic, but sometimes it can make your breath a bit smelly. 我喜歡吃大蒜，但有時(shí)它會(huì)讓你的呼吸有口氣。】

559. monthly：/?m?nθli/ adj. 每月的；每月一次的；按月（的）；按月結(jié)算的；有效期為一個(gè)月的【Those with outstanding records will receive a scholarship and monthly allowance for four years. 成績(jī)優(yōu)異者將獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金和為期四年的每月津貼。// You have to pay a monthly fee of $9.99 to subscribe to this channel in English. 你得支付9.99美元的月費(fèi)才能訂閱這個(gè)英語頻道。// Newspapers are published daily while magazines are published weekly or monthly. 報(bào)紙每天出版，雜志每周或每月出版。】；n. （雜志）月刊

560. alcohol：/??lk?h?l/ n. 酒；酒精，乙醇；含酒精飲料；酒【I don't drink alcohol anymore. 我不再喝酒了。// people with alcohol problems (=people who drink too much) 酗酒的人 // alcohol abuse (=when someone drinks too much) 酗酒 // low alcohol drinks 低度酒精飲料 // I drank no alcohol all evening, so I was stone-cold sober and able to drive. 我整個(gè)晚上都不喝酒，所以我非常清醒，能夠開車。<stone-cold sober 滴酒未沾的；完全清醒的>】

561. alcoholic：/??lk??h?l?k/ adj. 酒精的；含酒精的【alcoholic beverages / alcoholic drinks 酒精飲料 // Do you serve any non-alcoholic beers? 你們供應(yīng)不含酒精的啤酒嗎？】；飲酒引起的【The guests left in an alcoholic haze. 客人們醉醺醺地離去了?！浚籲. 酗酒者，嗜酒者

562. superb：/sju??p??b/ ，/s??p??rb/ adj.極好的，超級(jí)的，杰出的，卓越的；質(zhì)量極高的【The food was superb. 食物棒極了。// He is a superb dancer. 他是一個(gè)杰出的舞蹈家?！?/p>

563. faithful：/?fe?θf?l/ adj. 忠實(shí)的；忠誠的【a faithful friend 忠實(shí)的朋友 // His faithful old dog accompanied him everywhere he went. 無論去哪里，他那條忠誠的老狗總是伴他左右。// He remained faithful to the ideals of the party. 他對(duì)黨的理想堅(jiān)貞不移?！?；（配偶或性伴侶）忠誠的，忠貞的【He was faithful to his wife throughout their 30-year marriage. 在30年的婚姻生活中，他一直忠于他的妻子?！?；如實(shí)的，絲毫不作改動(dòng)的，絲毫不變的【His translation manages to be faithful to the spirit of the original. 他的譯文做到了忠于原文的精神。// She gave a faithful account of what had happened on that night. 她如實(shí)講述了那晚發(fā)生的事情?！浚或\的【faithful Christians 虔誠的基督徒 // faithful followers of Buddhism 佛教的忠實(shí)信徒】；n. 忠實(shí)支持者【He gave a rousing speech to a room full of party faithfuls (= faithful supporters of a political party). 他向滿屋子的該政黨擁護(hù)者們發(fā)表了激動(dòng)人心的講話?！?/p>

564. faith：/fe?θ/ n. 信任；相信；信心【I still have faith in him. 我仍然相信他。// ‘Have faith, Alexandra, ’ he said. “別氣餒，Alexandra！”他說。// The public has lost faith in the government. 公眾對(duì)政府失去了信心。<have faith in 相信，信任> // It's really helped restore my faith in human nature. 這真有助于重拾我對(duì)人性得信心。// He has blind faith (= unreasonable trust) in doctors' ability to find a cure. 他盲目相信醫(yī)生有妙手回春的能力?！?；（某一）宗教；宗教信仰【the Christian faith 基督教 // the Buddhist faith 佛教 // a multi-faith society 宗教信仰多元化的社會(huì) // Even in the bad times she never lost her faith. 即使在困難時(shí)期，她也從未喪失信仰。// Faith is stronger than reason. 信仰比理智更有力。】

565. realm：/relm/ n. 領(lǐng)域；場(chǎng)所；王國【in the realm of literature 在文學(xué)領(lǐng)域內(nèi) // Her interests are in the realm of practical politics. 她的興趣在于實(shí)用政治。// At the end of the speech he seemed to be moving into the realms of fantasy. 講話的最后，他似乎進(jìn)入了虛幻的境地。// the defence of the realm 保衛(wèi)王國 // The matter was hotly debated in all the towns of the realm. 此事在該王國內(nèi)的各個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)都進(jìn)行了激烈的討論?！?/p>

566. cross：/kr?s/，/kr??s/ v. 越過；橫穿；橫渡；橫跨；穿越；使交叉【It's easy to have an accident just crossing the road. 橫穿馬路很容易發(fā)生事故。// Look both ways before you cross over (= cross the road). 過馬路前先要左右看看。// It's much safer to cross the road at the pedestrian crossing. 在人行橫道過馬路要安全得多。// The bridge crosses the River Dee. 這座橋橫跨迪河。// The roads cross just outside the town. 這些道路正好在城外交叉。// She sat with her legs crossed. 她蹺著二郎腿坐著。】；與…作對(duì)；惹惱【He hated anyone who crossed him. 他恨所有與他作對(duì)的人?！浚皇闺s交；使異種交配【a flower produced by crossing several different varieties 幾種不同品種雜交而成的花 // These cattle were crossed with a breed from the highlands. 這些牛與來自高地的品種雜交?！浚唬w育運(yùn)動(dòng)，尤其是足球等球類運(yùn)動(dòng)）橫傳【He crossed (the ball) to Bremer, who somehow failed to score from two metres out. 他把球橫傳給布萊梅，可是不知怎么的布萊梅兩米外射門卻沒有射中?！?；cross sb's mind （念頭）閃現(xiàn)，掠過；想起，記起【It crossed my mind yesterday that you must be short of staff. 昨天我突然想起你一定缺人手。// It never once crossed my mind that she might be unhappy. 我從沒想過她可能會(huì)不高興?！?；cross your fingers 祈求成功（有時(shí)使手指交叉為祈求好運(yùn)的手勢(shì)）【I'm crossing my fingers that my proposal will be accepted. 但愿我的建議能被采納。// Keep your fingers crossed! 祈求好運(yùn)吧！】；n. （標(biāo)示位置或錯(cuò)誤的）叉號(hào)（X）；十字架；十字形物件；十字勛章；混合物；雜種；混血兒【Their dog is a cross between two well-known breeds. 他們的狗是兩個(gè)著名品種的雜交種。 】；（球類運(yùn)動(dòng)）橫傳【He headed the ball into the net, after a great cross from Pele. 他接貝利一記精妙橫傳，一甩頭把球送入了網(wǎng)窩?！?/p>

567. crosswalk：/?kr?sw??k/，/?kr??sw??k/ n. 人行橫道（美式常用 zebra crossing）

568. scrape：/skre?p/ v.去除；刮；擦【Scrape the carrots and slice them thinly. 把胡蘿卜刮干凈，切成薄片。// The earth was scraped away to uncover a trapdoor. 泥土被刮掉，露出一個(gè)活板門。// The two of them scraped their dishes clean. 他們倆把盤子擦干凈了?！?；刮壞；擦傷；蹭破【I heard the side of the car scrape against the wall. 我聽到汽車的側(cè)面剮蹭到墻上的聲音?！?；發(fā)出刺耳的刮擦聲【 I could hear his pen scraping across the paper. 我聽得見他的鋼筆在紙上沙沙地響?！?；艱難取得；勉強(qiáng)獲得【 I just scraped a pass in the exam. 我考試勉強(qiáng)及格?！?；n.（由于自身愚蠢而招致的）困境，危境【He got into all sorts of scrapes as a boy. 他小時(shí)候陷入各種困境。】；擦傷；擦痕【I came away from the accident with only cuts and scrapes. 我在事故中只受了劃傷和擦傷?！?/p>

569. iron：/?a??rn/ n. 鐵；鐵器；金屬工具【the iron and steel industry 鋼鐵工業(yè) // a driveway with large iron gates 有大鐵門的車道】；熨斗【a steam iron 蒸汽熨斗】；（高爾夫球運(yùn)動(dòng)中的）鐵頭球桿，鐵桿【He'll probably use a 2 or 3 iron for the shot. 他這一擊很可能要用2號(hào)或3號(hào)鐵頭球桿。】；v. 熨（衣），燙平【It takes about five minutes to iron a shirt properly. 熨好一件襯衣大約需要5分鐘。// I need to iron clothes today. 我今天需要熨衣服?！?；iron something out 解決；消除【I'm sure we can iron this out. 我相信我們能解決這個(gè)問題?！?；adj. 堅(jiān)強(qiáng)的；強(qiáng)硬堅(jiān)定的；極強(qiáng)壯的【I think you have to have an iron will to make some of these decisions. 我認(rèn)為你得有鋼鐵般的意志才能作出這些決定。// She was known as the ‘Iron Lady’. 大家都稱她為“鐵娘子”?！?/p>

570. structure：/?str?kt??r/ n. 結(jié)構(gòu)；構(gòu)造；機(jī)構(gòu)；體系【A new management structure has been introduced. 引入了新的管理結(jié)構(gòu)。// the grammatical structure of a sentence 句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu) // The logical structure of complex propositions. 復(fù)雜命題的邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)。// She had a beautiful face with very good bone structure. 她有一張漂亮的臉蛋，并且骨骼結(jié)構(gòu)非常好。 】；結(jié)構(gòu)體；（尤指）大型建筑物【The structure had been designed to withstand winds. 這座建筑的設(shè)計(jì)能抵御風(fēng)。】；v. 構(gòu)成；組織【How well does the teacher structure the lessons? 老師對(duì)課程組織安排得如何？// The exhibition is structured around the themes of work and leisure. 展覽是圍繞工作與休閑的主題來布置的。】