Today we're going to practice evaluating the main tool used when addressing groups—the voice.
今天我們將練習(xí)評估當(dāng)向群體致辭時所使用的主要工具——聲音。
There are three main elements that combine to create either a positive or negative experience for listeners.
有三個主要元素結(jié)合一起會導(dǎo)致聽眾要么正面要么負(fù)面的體驗(yàn)。
They can result in a voice that is pleasing to listen to and can be used effectively.
他們能導(dǎo)致一個令人聽起來愉快的聲音，并且能被有效地使用
Or they can create a voice that doesn't hold attention, or even worse, causes an adverse reaction.
或者他們能制造一個不能抓住注意力的聲音，或者甚至更糟，引起一個不良反應(yīng)。
The three elements are volume, pitch, and pace.
這三個元素是音量，音高，和語速
When evaluating volume, keep in mind that a good speaker will adjust to the size of both the room and the audience.
當(dāng)評估音量時，記住一個好的演講者將會調(diào)整以適應(yīng)屋子的大小以及聽眾的規(guī)模。
Of course, with an amplifying device like a microphone, the speaker can use a natural tone.
當(dāng)然，用一個放大裝置如麥克風(fēng)，演講者能使用一個自然的口吻。
But speakers should not be dependent on microphones; a good speaker can speak loudly without shouting.
但是演講者不應(yīng)該依賴麥克風(fēng);一個好的演講者能夠說話很大聲卻不用大喊大叫
The second element, pitch, is related to the highness or lowness of the sounds.
第二個元素，音高，與聲音的高或者低有關(guān)。
High pitches are, for most people, more difficult to listen to, so in general speakers should use the lower registers of their voice.
高音調(diào)是，對大多數(shù)人來說，聽起來更困難，所以通常演講者應(yīng)該使用他們聲音的低聲部。
During a presentation, it's important to vary pitch to some extent in order to maintain interest.
在一個陳述期間，重要的是變化音高，在某種程度上是為了維持興趣。
The third element, pace, that is how fast or slow words and sounds are articulated, should also be varied.
第三個元素，語速，就是詞和聲音是如何快慢發(fā)音的，也應(yīng)該變化。
A slower pace can be used to emphasize important points.
一個慢些的語速能被用來強(qiáng)調(diào)重要的點(diǎn)。
Note that the time spent not speaking can be meaningful, too.
請注意花費(fèi)在不說話的時間也是能有意義的。
Pauses ought to be used to signal transitions or create anticipation.
停頓應(yīng)該是用來標(biāo)志轉(zhuǎn)換(話題)或者建立期盼
Because a pause gives the listeners time to think about what was just said or even to predict what might come next, it can be very effective when moving from one topic to another.
因?yàn)橐粋€停頓給了聽眾時間去思考關(guān)于剛說的話，或者甚至預(yù)測下面什么可能會來，當(dāng)從一個話題轉(zhuǎn)移到另一個時，它能夠非常有效。
What I'd like you to do now is watch and listen to a videotape and use the forms I gave you to rate the speaking voices you hear.
我現(xiàn)在想讓你們做的是看和聽一個錄像帶，并且使用我給你們的表格來評價你聽到的說話聲音。
Then tonight I want you to go home and read a passage into a tape recorder and evaluate your own voice.
然后今晚我想讓你們回家并且朗讀一段(文章)到錄音機(jī)里，然后評價你們自己的聲音。
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