While writing may be the preferred mode for a contract, in many other contexts, speech will be more appropriate.
Because the most common type of speech—face-to-face conversation—is highly interactive.
This mode is well-suited to many social contexts, such as casual conversations over lunch, business transactions in a grocery store, discussions between students and teachers in a classroom.
And in these contexts, interactive dialogues have many advantages over writing.
For instance, individuals engaged in conversation can ask for immediate clarification if there is a question about something said;
in a letter to a friend, in contrast, such immediacy is lacking.
When speaking to one another, speakers are face to face and can therefore see how individuals react to what is said.
On the other hand, writing creates distance between writer and reader, preventing the writer from getting any immediate reaction from the reader.
Speech is oral, thus making it possible to use intonation to emphasize words or phrased and express emotion.
Of course, one might say that writing has punctuation.
Well, it can express only a small proportion of the features that intonation has.
Because speech is created "on-line," it is produced quickly and easily.
This may result in many "ungrammatical" constructions, but rarely do these rough sentences cause miscommunications.
You know, if there is a misunderstanding, it can be easily corrected.
On the contrary, writing is much more deliberate.
It require planning, editing and thus taking much more time to produce on the part of the writer.
Because of all these characteristics of writing, if an individual desires a casual, intimate encounter with a friend, he or she is more likely to meet personally than write a letter.
In this case, writing a letter to a friend might turn out to be too formal.
Of course, in today's world, the highly-developed technology has made such encounters possible with "instant messaging" over a computer or a smart phone.
And if someone wishes to have such an encounter with a friend living many miles away, then this kind of on-line written "chat" can mimic a face-to-face conversation.
But because such conversations are a hybrid of speech and writing, they still lack the intimacy and immediacy of a face-to-face conversation.
擬定協(xié)議時(shí)人們傾向“寫”的形式，而在許多情況下，“說(shuō)”比較合適。
因?yàn)槊鎸?duì)面交談這一說(shuō)話最常見(jiàn)的形式，具有極強(qiáng)的交互性。
這個(gè)模式適用的社會(huì)情境有很多，比如午餐時(shí)的閑聊，零售店里的商業(yè)交易，課堂上的師生討論。
在這些情境中，互動(dòng)式對(duì)話對(duì)比書寫的優(yōu)勢(shì)便顯現(xiàn)出來(lái)。
比如，談話中如果說(shuō)過(guò)的內(nèi)容出現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，談話者可以立即給出明確解釋。
而在寫給朋友的信中，解釋就沒(méi)有這么及時(shí)了。
談話時(shí)，說(shuō)話者面對(duì)面，也就可以看到對(duì)方對(duì)所談內(nèi)容的反應(yīng)。
而書寫拉開(kāi)了書寫者和讀者的距離，書寫者沒(méi)辦法得知讀者看到書寫內(nèi)容時(shí)的直接反應(yīng)。
說(shuō)話都是口頭的，因此可以借助語(yǔ)調(diào)強(qiáng)調(diào)重點(diǎn)詞語(yǔ)，表達(dá)感情。
當(dāng)然，也有人會(huì)說(shuō)，書寫還有標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)呢。
對(duì)，標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)只能表現(xiàn)語(yǔ)調(diào)能表現(xiàn)出的一小部分信息。
因?yàn)檎f(shuō)話都是“在線的”，方便快捷。
這可能就出現(xiàn)了很多語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，但是這樣不講究的句子很少引起誤解。
因?yàn)槿绻l(fā)生誤解，談話者可以立即改正。
相反，書寫需要深思熟慮。
書寫需要書寫者打草稿，修改，然后再完整地寫出來(lái)。
以上都是書寫的特征。因此人們想跟朋友親密又自在地交流時(shí)，一般都是去見(jiàn)一面，而不是寫信。
在這種情況下，給朋友寫信顯得太正式了。
當(dāng)然，在當(dāng)今世界，技術(shù)高度發(fā)達(dá)，電腦或者手機(jī)上的一條即時(shí)信息，就可以實(shí)現(xiàn)這樣的交流。
如果想要和千里之外的朋友親密自在地交談，這種在線書寫版的“閑聊”可以暫時(shí)代替面對(duì)面交談。
不過(guò)，因?yàn)檫@樣的談話是說(shuō)話與書寫的混合體，跟面對(duì)面交談比起來(lái)，通常沒(méi)有那么親密，也沒(méi)有那么即時(shí)。
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