8月28日午間英語新聞：美國學?！巴该鲿币隣幾h！

> US schools afraid of gun violence are requiring clear backpacks

美國學校“透明書包”引爭議！

At least 27 school districts in the past 18 months have started restricting backpacks in the US, according to news reports. Though security experts are skeptical the measures make schools safer, they’ve become a common response to school shootings and to fears sparked by students showing up to school with guns. 

據(jù)報道，在過去的18個月里，美國至少有27個學區(qū)開始限制學生攜帶書包。雖然安全專家對這些措施是否能使學校更安全表示懷疑，但是這已經是一種應對校園槍擊事件的常見措施了。

Critics say it has come to symbolize the lengths decision-makers will go to avoid passing meaningful gun control, a knee-jerk answer to the call to “do something” after a tragedy. The practice dates back to at least the 1990s, when a Kentucky high school banned backpacks after a school shooting

有批評人士表示，此措施象征著決策者為了避免通過有意義的槍支管制而做出的努力，這是對悲劇發(fā)生后“做點什么”的回應。這種做法至少可以追溯到20世紀90年代，當時肯塔基州一所高中發(fā)生校園槍擊事件后禁止學生攜帶書包。

The number of school shootings has risen dramatically in the past three years, according to a Washington Post analysis. There were 46 school shootings in 2022, the most during any year since at least 1999. There have been 28 so far this year — and there are still at least four months of school left.

據(jù)《華盛頓郵報》此前分析，在過去三年里，校園槍擊事件數(shù)量急劇上升。2022年發(fā)生了46起校園槍擊事件，是至少自1999年以來最多的一年。今年到目前為止已經有28起校園槍擊事件，本學年還有至少4個月的課程要上。

After a shooting at Marjory Stoneman Douglas High in Parkland, Florida in February 2018, the school passed out clear backpacks for students to use. Many ridiculed the bags, saying they were an underwhelming response to the shooting in which the gunman, a former student, opened fire on classrooms with an AR-15 rifle. A clear backpack wouldn’t have stopped him.  The following school year, the restriction was lifted.

在佛羅里達州帕克蘭市瑪喬麗?斯通曼?道格拉斯高中發(fā)生槍擊案后，2018年2月，學校于向學生發(fā)放透明書包，但在下一學年，這一限制又被解除。許多人諷刺稱，這是對槍擊案的一種平淡無奇的回應。槍擊案中，槍手曾是一名學生，他所用的AR-15步槍是“透明書包”也擋不住的。

重點詞匯：

spark

英 /spɑ?k/

美 /spɑ?rk/

n.導火線，誘因；火花，火星；電火花；一絲，略微；生氣，活力，才華；憤怒的情感，激烈的情緒；<非正式>軍隊中對無線電報務員（或電工）的昵稱（Sparks）；生龍活虎的小伙子；（內燃機里火花塞的）放電

v.引發(fā)，觸發(fā)；產生火花（電火花）；點燃；增加趣味（或活力、風味等）；求婚

skeptical

英 /?skept?k(?)l/

美 /?skept?k(?)l/

adj.不相信的，持懷疑態(tài)度的；（哲）懷疑論的，不可知論的

> Over 41% Chinese male participants diagnosed as overweight

2023中國肥胖地圖出爐！男性超重的比例達41%

A study titled "Prevalence of obesity and associated complications in China: A cross-sectional, real-world study in 15.8 million adults" was published in Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism, a journal of pharmacology and therapeutics, on August 17.

近日，一篇題為《中國肥胖患病率及相關并發(fā)癥：1580萬成年人的橫斷面真實世界研究》的研究報告，刊載在學術期刊《糖尿病、肥胖與代謝》上。

As per Chinese BMI classification, 34.8 percent of the studied population was overweight and 14.1 percent was obese. The eligible participants were aged 18 or above. About 41.1 percent of Chinese men were overweight or obese compared with 27.7 percent of Chinese women and 18.2 percent of men being obese compared to 9.4 percent of women.

按照中國人的BMI分級，34.8%的人超重，14.1%的人肥胖。超重和肥胖在男性中比女性更普遍，男性超重的比例為41.1%，女性為27.7%；男性肥胖比例為18.2%，女性為9.4%。

The prevalence of overweight peaked at age 50 to 54 in males and at age 65 to 69 in females. The prevalence of obesity peaked at age 35 to 39 in males and at age 70 to 74 in females.

按性別劃分，男性超重患病率在50-54歲達到峰值，而女性在65-69歲達到峰值。男性的肥胖患病率在35-39歲達到峰值，而女性在70-74歲達到峰值。

The study was based on data obtained from 519 Meinian health check-up centers across 243 cities, with eligible participants aged 18?years-old and above. 

該研究基于來自243 個城市的519個某健康體檢中心獲得的數(shù)據(jù)，符合條件的參與者年齡在 18 歲及以上。

There are several reasons why men are more prone to obesity, with causes usually related to the stress and emotions in life or work, said Wu Xueyan, a professor from the endocrinology department at Peking Union Medical College Hospital. In order to relieve stress and release emotions, men often resort to unhealthy lifestyles such as drinking alcohol and overeating, and long term insufficient or irregular sleep can also lead to male obesity, Wu said.

北京協(xié)和醫(yī)院內分泌科教授伍學焱表示，男性更容易患肥胖的原因有多種，通常與生活或工作中的壓力和情緒有關。為了減輕壓力和釋放情緒，男性常常采用不健康的生活方式，如飲酒和暴飲暴食，而長期的睡眠不足或不規(guī)律也可能導致男性肥胖。

By region, the proportion of overweight and obesity in the north is generally higher than that in the south, with Inner Mongolia (37.1 percent), Shandong (37.1 percent) and Hebei (36.6 percent) ranking among the top three.

就地區(qū)而言，北方超重/肥胖的比例普遍高于南方，其中超重比例前三名的省份為內蒙古（37.1%）、山東（37.1%）和河北（36.6%）。