有毒壓力 Toxic Stress

We often think of stress as a bad thing. But stresscan be helpful and unhelpful. Stress is helpful when it motivates you to dosomething better and achieve your goals. 壓力是把“雙刃劍”。比如學(xué)生參加考試，或者明天要給客戶做presentation。 Anything that is new or difficult comes with somestress. 當(dāng)面對適當(dāng)?shù)膲毫r，機(jī)體啟動抗壓力機(jī)制，使我們恰當(dāng)面對、承受并克服壓力，機(jī)體隨之建立新的平衡，我們的抗壓能力也會相應(yīng)得到提高。Butsometimes, stress can be unhelpful. 但有時，壓力起不到幫助作用。Stresscan be unhelpful if you can’t control what’s causing it, if you have no breaksfrom it, or if you don’t have any support to cope with it. Some people call thistype of stress toxic stress. 如果你無法控制造成壓力的原因，如果你無法從壓力中得到休息，或者如果你沒有任何支持來應(yīng)對壓力，那么壓力對你來說，就起不到幫助的作用。人們把這種壓力稱為toxicstress有毒的壓力。

Today,we will talk a little bit more about unhelpful, or toxic stress, and its impacton our mind and body. Toxic stress is toxic because it’s like poison, and itcan lead to significant harm, both physically and emotionally. 今天，我們就一起聊聊更多對我們沒有幫助的，有毒的壓力，以及它對我們身心的影響。有毒壓力是有毒的，因?yàn)樗拖穸舅幰粯?，會?dǎo)致身體和情感上的重大傷害。

Ifyou have experienced very upsetting situations in your life, your body makesmore stress hormones than it should. When you have too many stress hormones,you may be quick to be angry, act without thinking, or get overwhelmed easily.This is called being triggered. 如果你在生活中感到非常沮喪，你的身體會產(chǎn)生更多的壓力荷爾蒙。當(dāng)你有太多的壓力荷爾蒙時，你可能很快就會生氣，不假思索地行動，或者很容易不知所措。這叫做being triggered被觸發(fā)。

Whenyou’ve triggered, certain places, people, noises and even smells can make youeasily upset and overreact. 當(dāng)你被觸發(fā)時，某些地方、人、噪音甚至氣味都很容易讓你心煩意亂，反應(yīng)過度。And this can happen even after thestress itself ends. 甚至在壓力結(jié)束后，這種情況也會發(fā)生。It is as if your mind and body keep a record of whathappened, holding onto these negative events even after they are over. 這就好像你的大腦和身體記錄了發(fā)生過的事情，即使這些消極的事情結(jié)束了，你也會一直保留著。This makes it easy for youto overreact when something else happens that reminds you of those memories.這使得當(dāng)別事情發(fā)生時，你很容易反應(yīng)過度，讓你想起那些記憶。

有毒壓力對兒童的影響更加嚴(yán)重，因?yàn)楹⒆觽兺ǔＲ庾R不到這種壓力是有毒的。It's not always easy tothink or read about toxic stress. Sometimes kids feel embarrassed, guilty, orashamed when bad things happen to them. 有時候當(dāng)壞事發(fā)生在孩子身上時，他們會感到尷尬、內(nèi)疚或羞愧。研究顯示，貧窮、營養(yǎng)不良、被譏諷、身體受虐待，都會成為“有毒壓力”，會對孩子的身心造成永久的傷害。所以，我們需要讓孩子們知道，You are never the cause ofany toxic stress you might feel.你永遠(yuǎn)都不是你可能感受到的有毒壓力的根源。

那么，當(dāng)我們受到這種有毒壓力的困擾時，我們應(yīng)該怎么辦呢？The good newsis that have safe and warm relationships with family and friends buffers youfrom toxic stress. 與關(guān)系緊密的家人和朋友擁有安全、溫暖的關(guān)系可以緩解你的有毒壓力。Scientiststeach us that there are certain experiences that can protect us from theeffects of toxic stress.科學(xué)家告訴我們，有一些方法可以保護(hù)我們免受有毒壓力的影響。

這些辦法包括：

Feelingable to talk to your family about your feelings

和你的家人談?wù)勀愕母惺?/p>

Feelingthat your family is supportive during hard times

感受到你的家人在你艱難的時刻支持你

Participatingin community traditions

多參與社區(qū)傳統(tǒng)的活動

Feelinglike you belong in school, company or organization

有歸屬感

Havingsupport from friends

獲得朋友的支持

而對于小朋友們來說，Havingsafe, warm, and nurturing relationships with special adults and friends buffersyou from toxic stress. 讓他們感到安全，感到在家里受到保護(hù)，感受到愛，對他們的身心健康成長，特別重要。